Judges 7

Passage overview

Judges 7 describes how Israel’s judge, Gideon, achieves an astonishing victory in battle against the Midianites by following God’s guidance. The passage can mainly be divided into three parts: the downsizing of the army (verses 1–8), God’s encouragement (verses 9–15), and the story of how they rout the Midianite camp with a surprise attack and win (verses 16–25).

1verseThen Jerubbaal, who is Gideon, and all the people who were with him, rose up early and encamped beside the spring of Harod. Midian’s camp was on the north side of them, by the hill of Moreh, in the valley.

2verseThe LORD said to Gideon, “The people who are with you are too many for me to give the Midianites into their hand, lest Israel brag against me, saying, ‘My own hand has saved me.’

3verseNow therefore proclaim in the ears of the people, saying, ‘Whoever is fearful and trembling, let him return and depart from Mount Gilead.’” So twenty-two thousand of the people returned, and ten thousand remained.

4verseThe LORD said to Gideon, “There are still too many people. Bring them down to the water, and I will test them for you there. It shall be, that those whom I tell you, ‘This shall go with you,’ shall go with you; and whoever I tell you, ‘This shall not go with you,’ shall not go.”

5verseSo he brought down the people to the water; and the LORD said to Gideon, “Everyone who laps of the water with his tongue, like a dog laps, you shall set him by himself; likewise everyone who bows down on his knees to drink.”

6verseThe number of those who lapped, putting their hand to their mouth, was three hundred men; but all the rest of the people bowed down on their knees to drink water.

7verseThe LORD said to Gideon, “I will save you by the three hundred men who lapped, and deliver the Midianites into your hand. Let all the other people go, each to his own place.”

8verseSo the people took food in their hand, and their trumpets; and he sent all the rest of the men of Israel to their own tents, but retained the three hundred men; and the camp of Midian was beneath him in the valley.

9verseThat same night, the LORD said to him, “Arise, go down into the camp, for I have delivered it into your hand.

10verseBut if you are afraid to go down, go with Purah your servant down to the camp.

11verseYou will hear what they say; and afterward your hands will be strengthened to go down into the camp.” Then went he down with Purah his servant to the outermost part of the armed men who were in the camp.

12verseThe Midianites and the Amalekites and all the children of the east lay along in the valley like locusts for multitude; and their camels were without number, as the sand which is on the seashore for multitude.

13verseWhen Gideon had come, behold, there was a man telling a dream to his fellow. He said, “Behold, I dreamed a dream; and behold, a cake of barley bread tumbled into the camp of Midian, came to the tent, and struck it so that it fell, and turned it upside down, so that the tent lay flat.”

14verseHis fellow answered, “This is nothing other than the sword of Gideon the son of Joash, a man of Israel. God has delivered Midian into his hand, with all the army.”

15verseIt was so, when Gideon heard the telling of the dream and its interpretation, that he worshiped. Then he returned into the camp of Israel and said, “Arise, for the LORD has delivered the army of Midian into your hand!”

16verseHe divided the three hundred men into three companies, and he put into the hands of all of them trumpets and empty pitchers, with torches within the pitchers.

17verseHe said to them, “Watch me, and do likewise. Behold, when I come to the outermost part of the camp, it shall be that, as I do, so you shall do.

18verseWhen I blow the trumpet, I and all who are with me, then blow the trumpets also on every side of all the camp, and shout, ‘For the LORD and for Gideon!’”

19verseSo Gideon and the hundred men who were with him came to the outermost part of the camp in the beginning of the middle watch, when they had but newly set the watch. Then they blew the trumpets and broke in pieces the pitchers that were in their hands.

20verseThe three companies blew the trumpets, broke the pitchers, and held the torches in their left hands and the trumpets in their right hands with which to blow; and they shouted, “The sword of the LORD and of Gideon!”

21verseThey each stood in his place around the camp, and all the army ran; and they shouted, and put them to flight.

22verseThey blew the three hundred trumpets, and the LORD set every man’s sword against his fellow and against all the army; and the army fled as far as Beth Shittah toward Zererah, as far as the border of Abel Meholah, by Tabbath.

23verseThe men of Israel were gathered together out of Naphtali, out of Asher, and out of all Manasseh, and pursued Midian.

24verseGideon sent messengers throughout all the hill country of Ephraim, saying, “Come down against Midian and take the waters before them as far as Beth Barah, even the Jordan!” So all the men of Ephraim were gathered together and took the waters as far as Beth Barah, even the Jordan.

25verseThey took the two princes of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb. They killed Oreb at Oreb’s rock, and Zeeb they killed at Zeeb’s wine press, as they pursued Midian. Then they brought the heads of Oreb and Zeeb to Gideon beyond the Jordan.

Why God Reduced the Army (7:1–8)

At first, about 32,000 soldiers gathered around Gideon. However, God says this is too many and gradually reduces the number of soldiers. After two tests (the test of those who are afraid to depart, and the method of drinking water at the stream), only 300 remain. This emphasizes that Israel should rely on God alone, not on its own strength.

Encouragement Given to Gideon (7:9–15)

Before the battle, God tells Gideon not to be afraid and to go down to the Midianite camp. Gideon hears a Midianite soldier’s dream and its interpretation, which gives him confidence that God will hand over this war from the Midianites to Israel. Strengthened by this message of encouragement, Gideon becomes even more courageous.

War and the Amazing Victory (7:16–25)

The 300 valiant men take trumpets, torches, and jars, and divide into three groups to surround the Midianite camp. When they blow the trumpets and break the jars in response to the signal, the Midianite camp falls into great confusion, and the enemy troops begin fighting among themselves and fleeing. Then the other tribes of Israel also join in, and with God’s help, the war ends completely in Israel’s victory.

Points for Reflection

  • We often try to rely on our own abilities or strength, but God leads us so that we will rely on God alone.
  • Even amid fear and lack, when we trust God’s encouragement and promises, we can experience victory in ways we never expected.

Try Applying It to Yourself

  • In my life, is there anything I have not trusted God’s ways in, or any part where I relied more on my own strength?
  • In my small-looking resources and circumstances, let me seek the encouragement and wisdom God gives, and let me obey His guidance.