Judges 14

Passage overview

Judges 14 is the first part in which the distinctive life of Israel’s judge Samson unfolds in earnest. Samson was a judge specially set apart by God, and this chapter records his marriage story and the conflict with the Philistines.

1verseSamson went down to Timnah, and saw a woman in Timnah of the daughters of the Philistines.

2verseHe came up, and told his father and his mother, saying, “I have seen a woman in Timnah of the daughters of the Philistines. Now therefore get her for me as my wife.”

3verseThen his father and his mother said to him, “Isn’t there a woman among your brothers’ daughters, or among all my people, that you go to take a wife of the uncircumcised Philistines?” Samson said to his father, “Get her for me, for she pleases me well.”

4verseBut his father and his mother didn’t know that it was of the LORD; for he sought an occasion against the Philistines. Now at that time the Philistines ruled over Israel.

5verseThen Samson went down to Timnah with his father and his mother, and came to the vineyards of Timnah; and behold, a young lion roared at him.

6verseThe LORD’s Spirit came mightily on him, and he tore him as he would have torn a young goat with his bare hands, but he didn’t tell his father or his mother what he had done.

7verseHe went down and talked with the woman, and she pleased Samson well.

8verseAfter a while he returned to take her, and he went over to see the carcass of the lion; and behold, there was a swarm of bees in the body of the lion, and honey.

9verseHe took it into his hands, and went on, eating as he went. He came to his father and mother and gave to them, and they ate, but he didn’t tell them that he had taken the honey out of the lion’s body.

10verseHis father went down to the woman; and Samson made a feast there, for the young men used to do so.

11verseWhen they saw him, they brought thirty companions to be with him.

12verseSamson said to them, “Let me tell you a riddle now. If you can tell me the answer within the seven days of the feast, and find it out, then I will give you thirty linen garments and thirty changes of clothing;

13versebut if you can’t tell me the answer, then you shall give me thirty linen garments and thirty changes of clothing.” They said to him, “Tell us your riddle, that we may hear it.”

14verseHe said to them, “Out of the eater came out food. Out of the strong came out sweetness.” They couldn’t in three days declare the riddle.

15verseOn the seventh day, they said to Samson’s wife, “Entice your husband, that he may declare to us the riddle, lest we burn you and your father’s house with fire. Have you called us to impoverish us? Isn’t that so?”

16verseSamson’s wife wept before him, and said, “You just hate me, and don’t love me. You’ve told a riddle to the children of my people, and haven’t told it to me.” He said to her, “Behold, I haven’t told my father or my mother, so why should I tell you?”

17verseShe wept before him the seven days, while their feast lasted; and on the seventh day, he told her, because she pressed him severely; and she told the riddle to the children of her people.

18verseThe men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, “What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion?” He said to them, “If you hadn’t plowed with my heifer, you wouldn’t have found out my riddle.”

19verseThe LORD’s Spirit came mightily on him, and he went down to Ashkelon and struck thirty men of them. He took their plunder, then gave the changes of clothing to those who declared the riddle. His anger burned, and he went up to his father’s house.

20verseBut Samson’s wife was given to his companion, who had been his friend.

Development of the Scene

Samson sees a Philistine woman in Timnah and tells his parents that he wants to marry her. Unlike the background that Israelites and Gentile peoples were not to intermarry, God uses this as a means to save Israel from the Philistines. After that, Samson experiences God’s power as he kills a young lion with his bare hands while on his way, and a few months later the scene shows him taking honey from the lion’s carcass as he passes by the same road. At the wedding, Samson puts riddles to the Philistine young men, and because of this the conflict steadily intensifies.

Structure and Flow

  • Meeting the woman of Timnah and the request to marry (Verses 1-4): The background to Samson’s decision to marry reveals God’s providence, different from his parents’ perspective.
  • Killing the lion (Verses 5-6): The presence of the Spirit of the LORD and supernatural power become evident.
  • Obtaining honey from the lion’s carcass (Verses 7-9): A seemingly coincidental event appears that involves the risk of violating the regulations for a Nazirite.
  • The wedding feast and the riddle (Verses 10-18): Tension rises due to Samson’s wisdom and the pressure from the Philistine young men.
  • Striking the Philistines (Verses 19-20): Samson’s strength and rage are revealed, and the prologue to a tragic ending begins.

The Overall Meaning

Chapter 14 clearly shows how human desires and God’s providence intersect in Samson’s life. Samson appears to act according to his own desires, but in the end all of it becomes a tool for God to strike the Philistines. It suggests that God’s plan is being fulfilled within human weakness.

Points for Meditation

  • God can accomplish his great plan by using humanity’s weaknesses and mistakes, and sometimes even our unexpected choices.
  • Through the story of Samson, reflect on where the point of intersection is between my desires and God’s will.

Applying It to Me

  • Even the ordinary events and mistakes in my life can be used by God, and I can live each day in faith that everything is within his plan.
  • I can also strengthen my resolve to live with determination to seek God’s guidance at moments of my strengths, weaknesses, and choices.