Isaiah 36

Passage overview

Isaiah 36 begins during the reign of King Hezekiah of Judah, with Assyria invading Jerusalem. It includes how the army of King Sennacherib surrounds the city of Jerusalem and how his representative, the Rabshakeh, urges the people of Judah to surrender from beneath the city wall. This chapter recounts events that are almost identical to those in 2 Kings 18–19, providing a link to Isaiah’s distinctive prophetic perspective.

1verseNow in the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah, Sennacherib king of Assyria attacked all of the fortified cities of Judah and captured them.

2verseThe king of Assyria sent Rabshakeh from Lachish to Jerusalem to King Hezekiah with a large army. He stood by the aqueduct from the upper pool in the fuller’s field highway.

3verseThen Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah, the son of Asaph the recorder came out to him.

4verseRabshakeh said to them, “Now tell Hezekiah, ‘The great king, the king of Assyria, says, “What confidence is this in which you trust?

5verseI say that your counsel and strength for the war are only vain words. Now in whom do you trust, that you have rebelled against me?

6verseBehold, you trust in the staff of this bruised reed, even in Egypt, which if a man leans on it, it will go into his hand and pierce it. So is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who trust in him.

7verseBut if you tell me, ‘We trust in the LORD our God,’ isn’t that he whose high places and whose altars Hezekiah has taken away, and has said to Judah and to Jerusalem, ‘You shall worship before this altar’?”

8verseNow therefore, please make a pledge to my master the king of Assyria, and I will give you two thousand horses, if you are able on your part to set riders on them.

9verseHow then can you turn away the face of one captain of the least of my master’s servants, and put your trust in Egypt for chariots and for horsemen?

10verseHave I come up now without the LORD against this land to destroy it? The LORD said to me, “Go up against this land, and destroy it.”’”

11verseThen Eliakim, Shebna and Joah said to Rabshakeh, “Please speak to your servants in Aramaic, for we understand it. Don’t speak to us in the Jews’ language in the hearing of the people who are on the wall.”

12verseBut Rabshakeh said, “Has my master sent me only to your master and to you, to speak these words, and not to the men who sit on the wall, who will eat their own dung and drink their own urine with you?”

13verseThen Rabshakeh stood, and called out with a loud voice in the Jews’ language, and said, “Hear the words of the great king, the king of Assyria!

14verseThe king says, ‘Don’t let Hezekiah deceive you; for he will not be able to deliver you.

15verseDon’t let Hezekiah make you trust in the LORD, saying, “The LORD will surely deliver us. This city won’t be given into the hand of the king of Assyria.”’

16verseDon’t listen to Hezekiah, for the king of Assyria says, ‘Make your peace with me, and come out to me; and each of you eat from his vine, and each one from his fig tree, and each one of you drink the waters of his own cistern;

17verseuntil I come and take you away to a land like your own land, a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards.

18verseBeware lest Hezekiah persuade you, saying, “The LORD will deliver us.” Have any of the gods of the nations delivered their lands from the hand of the king of Assyria?

19verseWhere are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim? Have they delivered Samaria from my hand?

20verseWho are they among all the gods of these countries that have delivered their country out of my hand, that the LORD should deliver Jerusalem out of my hand?’”

21verseBut they remained silent, and said nothing in reply, for the king’s commandment was, “Don’t answer him.”

22verseThen Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah, the son of Asaph the recorder, came to Hezekiah with their clothes torn, and told him the words of Rabshakeh.

Structure and Flow

  • Verses 1-3: The king of Assyria, Sennacherib, invades Judah, and the Rabshakeh arrives near the city of Jerusalem. In response, Hezekiah sends officials from the royal palace to the Rabshakeh.
  • Verses 4-10: The Rabshakeh tries to undermine the trust of Hezekiah and the people of Judah, mocking Hezekiah’s faith in relying on God. He emphasizes the might of Assyria and demands surrender.
  • Verses 11-15: Judah’s officials ask him to speak in Aramaic rather than Hebrew so that the people will not understand, but the Rabshakeh instead speaks loudly so that everyone can hear. He persuades them that King Hezekiah cannot be trusted for relying on God.
  • Verses 16-20: The Rabshakeh presents the conditions for surrender in detail, giving examples of how the gods of various nations could not stop Assyria, and he claims that Judah’s God will not be able to protect them as well.
  • Verses 21-22: In response to the Rabshakeh’s words, Judah’s envoys remain silent, tear their clothes, and return in order to report this to Hezekiah.

The Overall Meaning

This chapter shows the process of how faith and trust are tested in a situation of crisis. The Rabshakeh’s logic is grounded in reality, but underneath it lies distrust and mockery toward God. Even when facing external power and threats, the people of Judah listen to God’s word, keep silent, and wait for a response through King Hezekiah and the prophet Isaiah. This shows how a faith community should establish its attitude in the face of a crisis, revealing tension between external circumstances and inner faith.

Points for Reflection

  • How does faith waver in the face of realistic threats and fear?
  • Does my trust rest on external conditions, or is it based on God’s promises that are unseen?
  • What kind of faith example is it for the people of Judah to remain silent before God’s word and not respond carelessly?

Applying It to Myself

  • As I live, I reflect on where I place my trust in the face of great threats or changes that I encounter.
  • When I face crises in my life, can I put into practice faithful silence—asking God and waiting? I check my attitude for today.