Nehemiah 13
Nehemiah 13 describes how, after Nehemiah returned from service under the Persian king to Jerusalem, he brought reforms to several problems that remained within the Jewish community. This chapter shows different aspects of reform, such as separation from foreigners, purification of the temple, keeping the Sabbath, and issues related to marriages with foreigners. It records in detail how the leader Nehemiah acted to restore religious and social order.
1verseOn that day they read in the book of Moses in the hearing of the people; and it was found written in it that an Ammonite and a Moabite should not enter into the assembly of God forever,
2versebecause they didn’t meet the children of Israel with bread and with water, but hired Balaam against them to curse them; however, our God turned the curse into a blessing.
3verseIt came to pass, when they had heard the law, that they separated all the mixed multitude from Israel.
4verseNow before this, Eliashib the priest, who was appointed over the rooms of the house of our God, being allied to Tobiah,
5versehad prepared for him a great room, where before they laid the meal offerings, the frankincense, the vessels, and the tithes of the grain, the new wine, and the oil, which were given by commandment to the Levites, the singers, and the gatekeepers; and the wave offerings for the priests.
6verseBut in all this, I was not at Jerusalem; for in the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes king of Babylon I went to the king; and after some days I asked leave of the king,
7verseand I came to Jerusalem, and understood the evil that Eliashib had done for Tobiah, in preparing him a room in the courts of God’s house.
8verseIt grieved me severely. Therefore I threw all Tobiah’s household stuff out of the room.
9verseThen I commanded, and they cleansed the rooms. I brought into them the vessels of God’s house, with the meal offerings and the frankincense again.
10verseI perceived that the portions of the Levites had not been given them, so that the Levites and the singers, who did the work, had each fled to his field.
11verseThen I contended with the rulers, and said, “Why is God’s house forsaken?” I gathered them together, and set them in their place.
12verseThen all Judah brought the tithe of the grain, the new wine, and the oil to the treasuries.
13verseI made treasurers over the treasuries, Shelemiah the priest, and Zadok the scribe, and of the Levites, Pedaiah: and next to them was Hanan the son of Zaccur, the son of Mattaniah; for they were counted faithful, and their business was to distribute to their brothers.
14verseRemember me, my God, concerning this, and don’t wipe out my good deeds that I have done for the house of my God, and for its observances.
15verseIn those days I saw some men treading wine presses on the Sabbath in Judah, bringing in sheaves, and loading donkeys with wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of burdens which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day; and I testified against them in the day in which they sold food.
16verseSome men of Tyre also lived there, who brought in fish and all kinds of wares, and sold on the Sabbath to the children of Judah, and in Jerusalem.
17verseThen I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said to them, “What evil thing is this that you do, and profane the Sabbath day?
18verseDidn’t your fathers do this, and didn’t our God bring all this evil on us and on this city? Yet you bring more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”
19verseIt came to pass that when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut, and commanded that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. I set some of my servants over the gates, so that no burden should be brought in on the Sabbath day.
20verseSo the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares camped outside of Jerusalem once or twice.
21verseThen I testified against them, and said to them, “Why do you stay around the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on, they didn’t come on the Sabbath.
22verseI commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves, and that they should come and keep the gates, to sanctify the Sabbath day. Remember me for this also, my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your loving kindness.
23verseIn those days I also saw the Jews who had married women of Ashdod, of Ammon, and of Moab;
24verseand their children spoke half in the speech of Ashdod, and could not speak in the Jews’ language, but according to the language of each people.
25verseI contended with them, cursed them, struck certain of them, plucked off their hair, and made them swear by God, “You shall not give your daughters to their sons, nor take their daughters for your sons, or for yourselves.
26verseDidn’t Solomon king of Israel sin by these things? Yet among many nations there was no king like him, and he was loved by his God, and God made him king over all Israel. Nevertheless foreign women caused even him to sin.
27verseShall we then listen to you to do all this great evil, to trespass against our God in marrying foreign women?”
28verseOne of the sons of Joiada, the son of Eliashib the high priest, was son-in-law to Sanballat the Horonite; therefore I chased him from me.
29verseRemember them, my God, because they have defiled the priesthood and the covenant of the priesthood and of the Levites.
30verseThus I cleansed them from all foreigners and appointed duties for the priests and for the Levites, everyone in his work;
31verseand for the wood offering, at appointed times, and for the first fruits. Remember me, my God, for good.
The Structure and Flow of the Text
- Verses 1-3: Reading of the Law and separation from foreigners
- Verses 4-9: The incident in which Eliashib gave the temple rooms to Tobiah and Nehemiah’s response
- Verses 10-14: A situation in which the Levites could not serve and their daily life became difficult, and the restoration of contributions
- Verses 15-22: Breaking the Sabbath and the firm measures taken in response
- Verses 23-29: The problem of the people of Judah marrying foreign women and putting reform into practice for it
- Verses 30-31: Nehemiah’s prayer and confession of final devotion
Key Message and Significance
Nehemiah 13 shows that a community of faith can easily fall into disorder, and it emphasizes the importance of spiritual and moral reform. Nehemiah decisively corrects compromises in reality and wrong practices that undermine the essence of faith. It reminds us again that our relationship with God affects every area of life (worship, rest, and the home).
Points for Reflection
- Let us check whether there is any dulling of faith in my life and in my community.
- Let us think about how we can newly reform recurring compromises or habitual sins in our lives of faith.
- Remember the courage to examine your life with the Word and prayer, and to make decisions grounded in God’s will.
Try Applying It to Yourself
- Think about what my priorities are before God.
- Let us write down specifically what I can put into practice today to turn back from small compromises or repeated mistakes.
- Let us think about what role I can play in building a proper image of faith in the community or home to which I belong.
This is the last chapter of Nehemiah.