Judges 3

Passage overview

Judges 3 describes the story that unfolds after the Israelites settle in the land of Canaan: their continued hardships as they disobey God, and God’s judges (leaders) who deliver them. This chapter continues with records of three judges—Othniel, Ehud, and Shamgar—and you can also see the background of each judge’s appearance, the process of deliverance, and the repeated pattern of faith among the Israelites.

1verseNow these are the nations which the LORD left, to test Israel by them, even as many as had not known all the wars of Canaan;

2verseonly that the generations of the children of Israel might know, to teach them war, at least those who knew nothing of it before:

3versethe five lords of the Philistines, all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites who lived on Mount Lebanon, from Mount Baal Hermon to the entrance of Hamath.

4verseThey were left to test Israel by them, to know whether they would listen to the LORD’s commandments, which he commanded their fathers by Moses.

5verseThe children of Israel lived among the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites.

6verseThey took their daughters to be their wives, and gave their own daughters to their sons and served their gods.

7verseThe children of Israel did that which was evil in the LORD’s sight, and forgot the LORD their God, and served the Baals and the Asheroth.

8verseTherefore the LORD’s anger burned against Israel, and he sold them into the hand of Cushan Rishathaim king of Mesopotamia; and the children of Israel served Cushan Rishathaim eight years.

9verseWhen the children of Israel cried to the LORD, the LORD raised up a savior to the children of Israel, who saved them, even Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother.

10verseThe LORD’s Spirit came on him, and he judged Israel; and he went out to war, and the LORD delivered Cushan Rishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand. His hand prevailed against Cushan Rishathaim.

11verseThe land had rest forty years, then Othniel the son of Kenaz died.

12verseThe children of Israel again did that which was evil in the LORD’s sight, and the LORD strengthened Eglon the king of Moab against Israel, because they had done that which was evil in the LORD’s sight.

13verseHe gathered the children of Ammon and Amalek to himself; and he went and struck Israel, and they possessed the city of palm trees.

14verseThe children of Israel served Eglon the king of Moab eighteen years.

15verseBut when the children of Israel cried to the LORD, the LORD raised up a savior for them: Ehud the son of Gera, the Benjamite, a left-handed man. The children of Israel sent tribute by him to Eglon the king of Moab.

16verseEhud made himself a sword which had two edges, a cubit in length; and he wore it under his clothing on his right thigh.

17verseHe offered the tribute to Eglon king of Moab. Now Eglon was a very fat man.

18verseWhen Ehud had finished offering the tribute, he sent away the people who carried the tribute.

19verseBut he himself turned back from the stone idols that were by Gilgal, and said, “I have a secret message for you, O king.” The king said, “Keep silence!” All who stood by him left him.

20verseEhud came to him; and he was sitting by himself alone in the cool upper room. Ehud said, “I have a message from God to you.” He arose out of his seat.

21verseEhud put out his left hand, and took the sword from his right thigh, and thrust it into his body.

22verseThe handle also went in after the blade; and the fat closed on the blade, for he didn’t draw the sword out of his body; and it came out behind.

23verseThen Ehud went out onto the porch, and shut the doors of the upper room on him, and locked them.

24verseAfter he had gone, his servants came and saw that the doors of the upper room were locked. They said, “Surely he is covering his feet in the upper room.”

25verseThey waited until they were ashamed; and behold, he didn’t open the doors of the upper room. Therefore they took the key and opened them, and behold, their lord had fallen down dead on the floor.

26verseEhud escaped while they waited, passed beyond the stone idols, and escaped to Seirah.

27verseWhen he had come, he blew a trumpet in the hill country of Ephraim; and the children of Israel went down with him from the hill country, and he led them.

28verseHe said to them, “Follow me; for the LORD has delivered your enemies the Moabites into your hand.” They followed him, and took the fords of the Jordan against the Moabites, and didn’t allow any man to pass over.

29verseThey struck at that time about ten thousand men of Moab, every strong man and every man of valor. No man escaped.

30verseSo Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. Then the land had rest eighty years.

31verseAfter him was Shamgar the son of Anath, who struck six hundred men of the Philistines with an ox goad. He also saved Israel.

The Repeating Cyclical Pattern of Israel

  • The Israelites forget God and worship idols.
  • Surrounding nations of the time (here, Mesopotamia, Moab, the Philistines, etc.) oppress Israel.
  • In their suffering, Israel cries out to God.
  • God raises up judges to deliver the people.
  • Peace comes with deliverance, but after some time, disobedience repeats itself again.

The Roles and Characteristics of Each Judge

JudgeOppressorCharacteristics
OthnielMesopotamiaThe first judge in Israel. The Spirit of the LORD comes upon Othniel, and he delivers Israel
EhudMoabThe left-handed judge. He judges Moab’s king, Eglon, with wisdom and boldness
ShamgarPhilistinesDefeats 600 Philistines with an oxgoad

Points for Reflection

  • At times, can I also take a look at whether my faith has grown dull and whether I’ve become exposed to temptations from the world?
  • Through Israel crying out to God amid suffering, I can think about how I should respond when I face difficulties.
  • I can also reflect again that God is the one who restores by faithfully raising up leaders for the task.

Try Applying It to Yourself

  • You can face the repeating mistakes in your life of faith and the process of restoration, and use that awareness to check yourself.
  • Today as well, you can trust in God’s help coming to you, and resolve to live by responding to God’s calling in each person’s own place.