Exodus 39
In Exodus 39, the Bible describes in detail how the people of Israel made the priestly garments needed to serve God in the tabernacle. Up to this point, the focus had been mainly on the making of the tabernacle’s furnishings and structures. In this chapter, however, the emphasis shifts specifically to the production of the garments that the priests—especially the high priest—would wear. It shows how the high priest’s garments (the ephod, the breastpiece, the robe, the turban, the sash, etc.) and the ordinary priests’ garments (the fine linen garments) were made according to established regulations.
1verseOf the blue, purple, and scarlet, they made finely worked garments for ministering in the holy place, and made the holy garments for Aaron, as the LORD commanded Moses.
2verseHe made the ephod of gold, blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen.
3verseThey beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it in with the blue, the purple, the scarlet, and the fine linen, the work of the skillful workman.
4verseThey made shoulder straps for it, joined together. It was joined together at the two ends.
5verseThe skillfully woven band that was on it, with which to fasten it on, was of the same piece, like its work: of gold, of blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen, as the LORD commanded Moses.
6verseThey worked the onyx stones, enclosed in settings of gold, engraved with the engravings of a signet, according to the names of the children of Israel.
7verseHe put them on the shoulder straps of the ephod, to be stones of memorial for the children of Israel, as the LORD commanded Moses.
8verseHe made the breastplate, the work of a skillful workman, like the work of the ephod: of gold, of blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen.
9verseIt was square. They made the breastplate double. Its length was a span, and its width a span, being double.
10verseThey set in it four rows of stones. A row of ruby, topaz, and beryl was the first row;
11verseand the second row, a turquoise, a sapphire, and an emerald;
12verseand the third row, a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
13verseand the fourth row, a chrysolite, an onyx, and a jasper. They were enclosed in gold settings.
14verseThe stones were according to the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names; like the engravings of a signet, everyone according to his name, for the twelve tribes.
15verseThey made on the breastplate chains like cords, of braided work of pure gold.
16verseThey made two settings of gold, and two gold rings, and put the two rings on the two ends of the breastplate.
17verseThey put the two braided chains of gold in the two rings at the ends of the breastplate.
18verseThe other two ends of the two braided chains they put on the two settings, and put them on the shoulder straps of the ephod, in its front.
19verseThey made two rings of gold, and put them on the two ends of the breastplate, on its edge, which was toward the side of the ephod inward.
20verseThey made two more rings of gold, and put them on the two shoulder straps of the ephod underneath, in its front, close by its coupling, above the skillfully woven band of the ephod.
21verseThey bound the breastplate by its rings to the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it might be on the skillfully woven band of the ephod, and that the breastplate might not come loose from the ephod, as the LORD commanded Moses.
22verseHe made the robe of the ephod of woven work, all of blue.
23verseThe opening of the robe in the middle of it was like the opening of a coat of mail, with a binding around its opening, that it should not be torn.
24verseThey made on the skirts of the robe pomegranates of blue, purple, scarlet, and twined linen.
25verseThey made bells of pure gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates around the skirts of the robe, between the pomegranates;
26versea bell and a pomegranate, a bell and a pomegranate, around the skirts of the robe, to minister in, as the LORD commanded Moses.
27verseThey made the tunics of fine linen of woven work for Aaron and for his sons,
28versethe turban of fine linen, the linen headbands of fine linen, the linen trousers of fine twined linen,
29versethe sash of fine twined linen, blue, purple, and scarlet, the work of the embroiderer, as the LORD commanded Moses.
30verseThey made the plate of the holy crown of pure gold, and wrote on it an inscription, like the engravings of a signet: “HOLY TO THE LORD”.
31verseThey tied to it a lace of blue, to fasten it on the turban above, as the LORD commanded Moses.
32verseThus all the work of the tabernacle of the Tent of Meeting was finished. The children of Israel did according to all that the LORD commanded Moses; so they did.
33verseThey brought the tabernacle to Moses: the tent, with all its furniture, its clasps, its boards, its bars, its pillars, its sockets,
34versethe covering of rams’ skins dyed red, the covering of sea cow hides, the veil of the screen,
35versethe ark of the covenant with its poles, the mercy seat,
36versethe table, all its vessels, the show bread,
37versethe pure lamp stand, its lamps, even the lamps to be set in order, all its vessels, the oil for the light,
38versethe golden altar, the anointing oil, the sweet incense, the screen for the door of the Tent,
39versethe bronze altar, its grating of bronze, its poles, all of its vessels, the basin and its base,
40versethe hangings of the court, its pillars, its sockets, the screen for the gate of the court, its cords, its pins, and all the instruments of the service of the tabernacle, for the Tent of Meeting,
41versethe finely worked garments for ministering in the holy place, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons, to minister in the priest’s office.
42verseAccording to all that the LORD commanded Moses, so the children of Israel did all the work.
43verseMoses saw all the work, and behold, they had done it as the LORD had commanded. They had done so; and Moses blessed them.
Symbolism and Meaning of the Priestly Garments
The priestly garments mentioned in this chapter are not merely clothes; they symbolically reveal holy service, separation, and the identity of the one who stands before God. Precious materials such as gold, blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, along with careful craftsmanship, highlight the reverence of worship and service offered to God. In particular, the twelve gemstones set into the breastpiece represent the twelve tribes and indicate the high priest’s role of interceding for all Israel.
Obedience and Completion in Every Part of the Process
In Exodus 39, the phrase “as the LORD commanded Moses” appears repeatedly. This shows that for each work process, the garments were made in detail according to God’s instructions, emphasizing that the community followed God’s commands faithfully and in obedience. You can also confirm that the tabernacle and the priestly office were not simply human creations, but were brought to completion according to God’s plan and purpose.
The Significance of Completing the Tabernacle and Garments
- With the tabernacle and the garments for sanctuary service completed, everything needed for God’s presence to dwell among the people of Israel is now in place.
- The priestly garments also remind us how crucial holiness, being set apart before God, and the responsibility of intercession are in relationship with Him.
Meditation Points
- Devotion to follow God’s command: You can reflect on how the meticulousness of the tabernacle and garment-making, faithfulness to each role, and acts of obedience give importance to our worship and commitment today.
- A message through symbols: The holiness, representativeness, and meaning of the intercessor embodied in the priestly garments are spiritual symbols that can apply to each of us as well.
Applying It to Myself
- I reflect on whether I have an attitude of careful obedience and respect in my service and commitment to God.
- I also come to realize that I, too, must pursue holiness as God’s people and strive so that God’s presence may be revealed through my life.